ANAS Volume 12, Number 8: August, 2018
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Assembly Line Balancing Using Heuristic Methods
E.J. Panggabean, M.R.B. Barjaman and S.P.A. Nugraha
Abstract: The assembly line balancing is the most essential parts for many kinds of manufacturing industries which required to control and supervise carefully. The success of achieving the goals of production is influenced significantly by assembly line balancing. Most of manufacturers and researchers make a try to look for the best methods to keep the assembly line in production floor stay balanced. This research is done to help the company especially in the process of assembly line in Final Area of BMW F30 Series 3 which for improving the productivity in the assembly line particularly to increase line efficiency and decrease smoothness index. The authors consider three heuristics methods which almost lead to the reduction of the number of workstations. This paper shows the application of assembly line balancing methods. The methods are Largest Candidate Rule (LCR), Kilbridge and Wester (KWC), and Ranked Positional Weight (RPW) methods. The result of those methods is compared to find out the best line efficiency, smoothness index and the lowest balance delay.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 1-8 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.1
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Physical and Physiological Thermal Comfort on Indoor Studio
Yaseri Dahlia Apritasari
Abstract Specific problem on hot humid climate is out door temperature value above thermal comfort temperature value. It gives impact indoor overheating and the building occupants feels uncomfortable. Strategy to achieve indoor thermal comfort is full fill physical and physiological indoor thermal comfort. One of them through active design, with using air conditioning. However, many buildings set the AC temperature below thermal comfort temperature value. This gives the impact building occupants feel uncomfortable and cold. The paper will discuss indoor thermal comfort in studio through physical and physiological variable. This research also will observe field study factors which give impact indoor actual mean vote. Research methodology is combination quantitative and qualitative through field study observed, physical measurement and thermal sensation questionnaire. Step by step research; (1) to measure physical indoor factor: temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity; (2) to measure physiological indoor thermal through occupants thermal sensation questionnaire; (3) to analyze physical and physiological data for figure out thermal comfort index value and indoor thermal comfort zone. Research result show that thermal comfort index and indoor temperature value of thermal comfort zone. The result can give recommendation to set temperature from air conditioning, which fulfill occupant’s thermal comfort.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 9-15 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.2
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Safety Induction Program in Relating of Enhancing Safety Awareness at Construction Site
Siti Zubaidah Hashim, Nadira Ahzahar, Intan Bayani, Zaini Hashim
Abstract Issues of safety on construction sites is not something new to be discussed in Malaysia. This industry has always contributed to the data in the high-performance workplace accidents rate, as reported by the authorities. Apart from the seriousness of the top management of the employer, health and safety performance also revealed capacity is determined by the workers themselves. In Malaysia, most construction workers are made up of foreigners such as Indonesia, Nepal and Bangladesh. Their large numbers in this sector is not new issues. Government policies relating to this issue is clear and must be adhered to by all parties. Because of safety performance at construction sites also contributed by a foreign force, an effective communication and training is very important to ensure the objective to have safe and conducive workplace achieved. Proactive steps taken by the CIDB to introduce a Green Card Program induction course to all who worked construction site are good. While the provisions of training and disseminating of safety information has clearly stipulated in OSHA 1994 and FMA 1967 and shall be comply by the employers. Besides the induction course is required by the CIDB, most of the companies also have systems that required to conduct safety induction to new employees before their can start with their works. Therefore, this study attempts to peel the extent to which the factors of language, race, duration, content and expertise of trainers that should be considered and has given impact to the program from foreign workers perception. In addition, the effectiveness of the existing system or program must be reviewed by all parties. A comprehensive study should make by all parties, the study should also indivates that the factor discussed is significant to them and will be given significant reasons to determine the effectiveness of the program.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 16-20 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.3
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Identification of Issues Related to Ergonomics at Construction Site in Malaysia
Nadira Ahzahar, Siti Zubaidah Hashim, Intan Bayani Zakaria and Muhamad Adha Sayuti
Abstract Many industries have successfully implemented ergonomic solutions in their facilities as a way to address their workers. Ergonomics is a structured environment to help employees in recognizing their needs and make sure that equipment and tools, the tasks and the environment can work together. Ergonomic helps in work efficiency and lead to productivity increment as well. Unfortunately, beyond the success of the construction industry in Malaysia, ergonomic awareness is still very much lacking since many employers neglect it as a part of the worker’s needs. Ergonomic should be emphasized among the entire workers in construction sector since the construction sector is a risky sector which leads to high level of injuries and death. Therefore, this paper attempts to identify common issues related to ergonomics in construction site in Malaysia. The opinions and views of related parties in construction site were obtained from structured interviews and questionnaires to give a clearer picture of the current situation. The common issues related to ergonomics in construction site can be categorized into three main group which are; Legislation; Handtools and Working Posotion. Apart from that, the findings also indicated Hand Wrist or Arm Musculoskeletal Disorder (HWAMD), Shoulder Musculoskeletal Disorder (SMD) and Low Back Pain (LBP) are most frequent construction illness or injuries. Welders and carpenters were identified as most affected workers in construction site. Nonetheless, this paper also suggests various ways to increase awareness in ergonomic among construction parties to promote safer and healthier environment for all
[ FULL TEXT PDF 21-25 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.4
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Exact Eigen Value Assignment of Linear Scalar Systems with Single Delay Using Lambert W Function
C.Y. Chew and H.N. Huang
Abstract Eigen value assignment problem of a linear scalar system with single discrete delay is analytically and completely solved. The existence condition on areal or complex desired eigenvalue is established when the current and delay states are included in the feedback. Design of the feedback controller is then followed by calculating the corresponding real feedback gains such that the rightmost eigenvalue of the closed-loop system is exactly located at the desired value. The eigenvalue assignment for the input-delay system is also obtained as well. Numerical examples illustrate the procedure in assigning the desired eigenvalue.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 26-32 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.5
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Development of Manipulative Module of Algebraic Tiles for Quadratic Expressions and Equations
Rozita Mohamed Radzuan and Marzita Puteh
Abstract The Manipulative Module of Algebraic Tiles is developed to help students understand the concepts in the Quadratic Expressions and Equations topic. This module is built based on the Sidek Module Development Model (SMDM). The percentage of expert’s approval for this module is 86.7% and was certified by 3 experts. This module is designed for moderate- low Form Four achievers. The learning theories used in this module are Constructivism Learning Theory, Piaget Cognitive Theory, Bruner Learning Theory and Active Learning Theory. This module consist of seven units where Unit 1 is the introduction to Algebraic Tiles, Unit 2 and 3 are the revision of Algebraic Expressions and Linear Equations while Unit 4 to 7 are the units on the Quadratic Expressions and Equations topic. This module comes with homemade physical algebraic tiles. The development of this module is expected to help students convert abstract concept of the Quadratic Expressions and Equations topic into concrete manipulative objects, thus helping them enhance their understanding.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 33-35 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.6
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Development of Irrigation System in Paddy Cultivation Industry During British Colonialin Perak
Khairi Ariffin, Mohd Hairy Ibrahim, Ramli Saadon, Sahul Hamid Mohamed Maidin, Ishak Saat, Fauziah Che Leh, Mohd Kamal Kamaruddin, Tuan Waheda Tuan Chik
Abstract Before the Colonial era, agriculture was carried out to fulfill the need of peasant in small communities. Back then, peasant faced many sorts of problems to ensure the sufficiency of yields. British colonialism in Perak in 1874 had built the irrigation system which able to increase the quantity and quality of rice yield through the scheme introduced. The study was conducted using qualitative methods of analyzing the official document, annual record, proceeding and writing on British colonialism in Perak. The finding shows that Krian is one of the areas that has been the focus on irrigation system known as Krian Irrigation System. A large allocation has been spent to complete the construction of the system that is capable to increase the rice yield. Deforestation also undertaken for the construction of Sungai Manik Irrigation System, which eventually developed into a settlement. British administration left the impact on the history of the development of Perak Irrigation System and state development. The development of irrigation system implemented by the British Colonial has made Perak as an important producer of rice crop in Malay state.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 36-38 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.7
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A LowCost Pyrolysis Oil Production From Microalgae
Suppalerk Aramkitphotha
Abstract Microalgae are one of most interesting sources of renewable energy due to high growth rate, no land competition with food crop and high oil content. However, the cost of biofuel production from microalgae is still not competitive with petroleum fuel. The literature review of the three most favorable conversion processes: esterification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is presented. The cost of producing pyrolysis oil from pyrolysis process is the lowest because pyrolysis oil can be utilized directly while the crude biodiesel and bio crude from esterification and HTL require further upgrading processes. In this study, cultivated Coelastrum Sphaericum is dewatered by flocculating with sodium hydroxide and dolomite. The biomass is then filtered and dried before being fed into a continuous pyrolysis reactor. The pyrolysis yield from Coelastrum Sphaericum is 41.17%, 27.55%, and 31.28% wt. for liquid, solid and gas respectively. The main composition of liquid yield is diesel and heavy oil. The total cost of microalgae pyrolysis oil is studied from interviewing research institute and conducting experiment. Without dewatering and labor cost, the cost of microalgae pyrolysis oil is 249.15 baht/liter.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 39-43 ] DOI: 10.22587/anas.2018.12.8.8
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