AEJSA Volume 15, Number 1: January-April, 2021
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Assessment of Salt Affected Soil and Irrigation
Water Quality in Amibara and Dubti irrigated
Areas, Afar Regional states of Ethiopia
Ashenafi Worku Daba, Bethel Nekir Nisaren, Asad Sarwar Qureshi, Lamme Mamo Haile 1 and
Teshome Bekele Banje
ABSTRACT:
In irrigated arid and semi-arid areas of Ethiopia, particularly in the Afar region, salinity is a serious problem, but clear
information about its status and distribution is lacking. The study aimed to investigate salt-affected soils and irrigation water
quality at Amibara and Dubti irrigated areas. About 890 soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-30 and 30-60 cm using
systematic sampling technique, and water samples were collected from surface and sub-surface for irrigated areas. Standard
methods were followed to measure soil and water properties. Arc GIS 9.3 was used to map the overall salinity and sodicity
problem for both regions. Results showed that around 62.31 % of the Amibara irrigated area and 18.26 % Dubti irrigated area
had been mapped as saline soil (EC > 4 dS/m and SAR < 13). On the other hand, only 10.23 % at Amibara irrigated area and
4.15 % Dubti irrigated area were classed as saline-sodic (ECe > 4 dS/m, and SAR >13). Furthermore, the irrigation water
quality of different water sources indicated groundwater and field drain water has poor irrigation water qualities compared to
diversion from the river, central canal, and field canal water sources. It is possible to infer that if the present irrigation
practice, including irrigation water quality, is continuing, it is expected that most of the cultivated lands will become sterile
within a short period. The water table control by rehabilitating the subsurface drainage system seems to be the only feasible
way to improve the sustainability of both irrigated areas. Thus, it needs to be monitored regularly to secure up-to-date
knowledge of its extent to improve management practices and take appropriate actions
[ FULL TEXT PDF 1-14 ] DOI: 10.22587/aejsa.2021.15.1.1
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Genetic Parameter and Analysis of Traits
Interrelationship in F2 Rice Generation of
Inpago Unsoed 1 X Basmati Delta 9
Agus Riyanto, Totok Agung Dwi Haryanto, Ponendi Hidayat, Suprayogi
ABSTRACT:
The rice improvement program in Indonesia is addressed to develop high-yielding varieties with long slender rice grain. The
purpose of this study, therefore, was to estimate the genetic parameters, i.e., gene action, number of genes control, the
magnitude of genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and interrelationship of traits of yield components and yield were
studied in the F2 generation of Inpago Unsoed 1 x Basmati Delta 9. The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm
of Agriculture Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia, from October 2018 - February
2019. The genetic material used was seeds of F2 populations derived from the crossing between Inpago Unsoed 1 and Basmati
Delta 9, and the two parental genotypes. The estimates of Skewness, Kurtosis, genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance,
and interrelationship were computed for yield and yield component traits. Broad genetic variability, high/medium heritability,
and high genetic advance were found in the number of productive tillers, grains per, and grain yield per plant. The number of
productive tillers and grains per panicle had a high correlation coefficient and positively direct effects on the grain yield per
plant. It could be concluded that the number of productive tillers and the number of grains per panicle might be considered as
criteria of selection for the development of high yield and long slender rice grain through pure line selection.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 15-28 ] DOI: 10.22587/aejsa.2021.15.1.2
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The Competitive Impact of CSR on SMEs: An
Empirical Research in Vietnam
Phan Van-Thanh, Podruzsik Szilárd
ABSTRACT:
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES: This study's primary goal is to investigate how the competitiveness impact of corporate social
responsibility (CSR) on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam is based on a new theoretical model developed
by the authors.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: This study contributes to the literature by providing a new theoretical model to investigate
the impact of CSR on SMEs' competitiveness based on the various theoretical CSR and competitiveness factors. This research
also the first empirical study focusing on this relationship in Vietnamese SMEs.
METHODOLOGICAL DESIGN/APPROACH: The data was collected by an online and offline questionnaire survey of 216
managers and non-manager working in the Vietnamese SMEs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to examine
and test the hypothesis of the proposed research model.
MAIN FINDINGS: The study's outcomes confirmed the significant positive relationship between CSR and competitiveness
levels of SMEs. We also found that the highest correlation was the employee factor, for which the interaction with the
competitiveness variables was significant than the other CSR factors. On the contrary, the environment factor has the lowest
correlation between the interaction with the competitiveness variables.
RESEARCH LIMITATIONS: The findings of this study were limited to the interviewed Vietnamese SMEs context so that we
couldn't generalize our results to other countries and other businesses framework; as a consequence, more research will be
needed in this area.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: This research provides Vietnamese managers an alternative tool for learning how to embrace
and evaluate the CSR: a CSR and competitiveness scale and helps them understand how CSR contributes to the creation or
enhancement of Vietnamese SMEs' competitiveness levels of Vietnamese SMEs.
[ FULL TEXT PDF 29-44 ] DOI: 10.22587/aejsa.2021.15.1.3
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